Access to justice means that every person, whatever his or her means, location or social position, can approach a fair forum and obtain a timely remedy for a legal wrong. The promise of equality before the law has little value if the courts are too distant, too expensive or too slow to be used. Judicial reform is the long effort to bring that promise closer to reality, and in recent years technology has become one of its most powerful allies. Among the persistent difficulties in the system is delay. Large numbers of cases wait for years in courts at every level, causing hardship to litigants, particularly those who are poor or who are held in custody awaiting trial. Delay arises from many causes: a shortage of judges and staff, repeated adjournments, difficulty in serving notices, incomplete investigation and procedures that were designed for a different age. Reform therefore operates on several fronts at once. Filling vacancies, improving court buildings, providing trained support staff and setting realistic time limits for each stage of a case are basic steps. Case management techniques, under which the court fixes a schedule at the outset and holds the parties to it, help to prevent needless postponement. Courts also benefit from clear rules for fixing dates, so that a matter is not listed again and again without any real hearing. Alternative methods of settling disputes, such as mediation, conciliation and arbitration, relieve the pressure on regular courts and often produce quicker and more friendly solutions. Legal aid is another pillar. The State is bound to provide free legal services to persons who cannot afford a lawyer, and legal literacy camps carry information about rights and remedies to villages and urban settlements. Lok adalats, which encourage compromise in suitable cases, give ordinary people a simple and informal path to resolution. Legal services authorities at the district and State levels organise such sittings and arrange panels of lawyers for those who need help. Technology has opened new possibilities. Electronic filing allows documents to be submitted without travelling to the court. Online case status, automated alerts and digital cause lists keep litigants informed. A litigant in a distant village can thus learn of the next date of hearing without paying for a journey or relying on a middleman. Video conferencing enables witnesses, prisoners and lawyers to take part from distant places, saving time and expense. Digitised records are easier to store, search and share, and translation tools can make judgments available in regional languages so that people may read them in the language they know best. These advances must be introduced with care. Citizens without internet access, digital skills or private devices must not be left behind, so public facilitation centres and trained assistants are necessary. Confidentiality, data security and the integrity of electronic evidence must be guarded. Training for judges, lawyers and court staff is equally necessary, because the best software is of little use in unwilling or untrained hands. Technology supports justice; it cannot replace the human judgment, patience and independence on which the courts depend. Access to justice also has a practical side that is often overlooked. A litigant from a village may need to travel long distances, spend money on lodging and lose several days of work merely to attend a short hearing that is then adjourned. Video conferencing, electronic filing and online display of cause lists can reduce such hardship considerably. Free legal aid, legal literacy camps and help desks in court complexes can guide people who cannot afford a lawyer or do not understand procedure. Alternative methods such as mediation, conciliation and Lok Adalats help settle many disputes without a long trial and preserve relationships between the parties. At the same time, reforms must protect the privacy of litigants, ensure the security of digital records and make sure that people without internet access are not left behind. A balanced approach that joins technology with sensitivity can make the justice system faster, cheaper and more accessible to every citizen.